A mutualistic interaction between Streptomyces bacteria, strawberry plants and pollinating bees
Kim et al., 2019.
Microbes can establish mutualistic interactions with plants and insects. Here we track the movement of an endophytic strain of Streptomyces bacteria throughout a managed strawberry ecosystem. We show that a Streptomyces
isolate found in the rhizosphere and on flowers protects both the plant
and pollinating honeybees from pathogens (phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea and pathogenic bacteria, respectively). The pollinators can transfer the Streptomyces bacteria among flowers and plants, and Streptomyces
can move into the plant vascular bundle from the flowers and from the
rhizosphere. Our results present a tripartite mutualism between Streptomyces, plant and pollinator partners.
Microbial diversity of strawberry flowers and pollen. a Pyrosequencing of microbes in strawberry flowers (n = 9, 13 independent experiments) and b pollen (n = 2, 9 independent experiments). Taxonomic assignment was conducted at the family level with the Silva database (http://www.arb-silva.de/)
and a cutoff of 97% similarity. Flower and pollen samples were
collected from November 2013 (0 week) to March 2014 (24 week). Heatmap
of hierarchical clustering of bacterial communities by 16S rRNA region. c Flower samples and d pollen samples. Heatmap color (purple to yellow) displayed from low to high abundance of each OTU. e Beta diversity tree (Minkowski distance) of samples with gray mold disease incidence. f Venn diagram of common OTU numbers in flower and pollen samples during the period of low gray mold disease incidence. g Gray mold incidence over a growing season as related to Streptomyces
OTU read numbers. Gray mold incidence, bars represent standard error of
nine blocks, each block contains 150 plants. Star (*) indicates
statistically significant differences between disease incidence and OTU
numbers of Streptomyces globisporus NRRL B-2872, which is identical to SP6C4 and SF7B6 by t-test (P value < 0.05). Bars represent standard error. a, b, e, f, g Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
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